Why Indonesia is Moving Their Capital City
Countries often choose their capital cities strategically for defense, control, and accessibility. Sometimes, old capital locations become unsuitable due to overcrowding, natural disasters, or the need for more central representation. For example, Myanmar moved its capital due to vulnerability and to stabilize a turbulent region, and Brazil moved its capital to encourage inland growth. Currently, Egypt and Indonesia are relocating their capitals for similar reasons. Indonesia is moving its capital from Jakarta to Borneo because Jakarta faces severe problems like extreme overcrowding, heavy traffic, terrible air pollution, and rapid sinking due to groundwater pumping and rising sea levels. The new capital in Borneo offers a more central location, lower risk of natural disasters, and is intended to help balance the country's population and economy, which are currently heavily concentrated on the island of Java.
Key Vocabulary
To exceed or go beyond a certain limit, amount, or achievement.
Examples:
- Her dedication to her studies allowed her to surpass all previous academic records.
- The new technology is expected to surpass the capabilities of its predecessors.
- With hard work, he aimed to surpass his own expectations for the project.
To grow, develop, or be successful; to flourish.
Examples:
- Plants need sunlight and water to thrive.
- Despite the challenges, the small business managed to thrive in the competitive market.
- Children often thrive in environments where they feel supported and encouraged.
The act or process of collecting something, often referring to an item purchased or ordered.
Examples:
- I need to arrange for the pickup of my new furniture from the store.
- The online order is ready for pickup at the customer service desk.
- She scheduled a special pickup for the large donation items.
To a very great extent; extremely.
Examples:
- The new policy has benefited the community enormously.
- He was enormously proud of his team's achievement.
- The cost of the project increased enormously after unexpected delays.
Increased very rapidly or suddenly.
Examples:
- Demand for the new product skyrocketed after the positive reviews.
- Housing prices in the area have skyrocketed in the last year.
- His popularity as an artist skyrocketed following his gallery exhibition.
In terms of geography; relating to the natural features, population, industries, etc., of a region or regions.
Examples:
- The company decided to expand geographically into new markets.
- The species is geographically isolated, living only on a few remote islands.
- Understanding the terrain geographically was crucial for planning the expedition.
A group or chain of islands.
Examples:
- The Caribbean is known for its beautiful archipelago of islands.
- Exploring the remote archipelago required careful navigation.
- The country's economy relies heavily on tourism to its various islands within the archipelago.
People who travel some distance regularly between their home and their place of work or study.
Examples:
- Many commuters rely on public transportation to avoid traffic.
- The new train line aims to reduce travel time for daily commuters.
- Rush hour brings a significant increase in the number of commuters on the roads.
Supervises a person or their work, or manages an activity or process.
Examples:
- The project manager oversees the entire development team.
- She oversees the quality control department to ensure standards are met.
- His role is to oversee the implementation of the new regulations.
A violent tropical storm in which strong winds move in a circle.
Examples:
- The coastal town prepared for the approaching cyclone by evacuating residents.
- After the cyclone passed, significant damage was reported across the region.
- Forecasters issued warnings about the intensity of the developing cyclone.
A type of air pollution caused by a mixture of smoke and fog, or by the effect of sunlight on atmospheric pollutants.
Examples:
- The city's air quality was severely affected by heavy smog.
- On certain days, the smog was so thick that visibility was greatly reduced.
- New environmental regulations aim to reduce the amount of smog in urban areas.
A long, high sea wave caused by an earthquake, submarine landslide, or other disturbance.
Examples:
- Coastal communities have developed early warning systems for tsunamis.
- The earthquake triggered a series of destructive tsunamis that hit the shoreline.
- Scientists study historical tsunamis to better understand their behavior and impact.
In a thinly dispersed manner; in small numbers or amounts.
Examples:
- The desert region is sparsely populated due to its harsh conditions.
- Information on the ancient civilization is sparsely available.
- The forest was sparsely covered with trees, allowing more sunlight to reach the ground.
A large continuous extent of land that includes the greater part of a country or territory, as opposed to offshore islands or a peninsula.
Examples:
- Many tourists travel from the mainland to visit the nearby islands.
- The storm's impact was felt both on the mainland and its coastal regions.
- He preferred living on the mainland rather than on a remote island.
The action of expelling someone from a property, especially with a legal process.
Examples:
- The tenants faced eviction after failing to pay rent for several months.
- The city implemented new policies to prevent mass evictions during the economic downturn.
- She received an eviction notice, giving her 30 days to vacate the apartment.
The substance or essence of a speech or text; the main point.
Examples:
- Can you give me the gist of the meeting, as I arrived late?
- I didn't catch every detail, but I understood the gist of his argument.
- The summary provided the gist of the complex research paper.
A group of vehicles or ships traveling together, typically accompanied by armed troops, warships, or other vehicles for protection.
Examples:
- A convoy of trucks delivered supplies to the remote outpost.
- The diplomatic convoys moved swiftly through the city streets.
- During wartime, merchant ships often traveled in convoys for safety.
Not able to be used.
Examples:
- The old equipment was deemed unusable due to a critical malfunction.
- After the flood, many roads became unusable, cutting off access to the village.
- The data was corrupted, rendering the entire file unusable.
To make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse.
Examples:
- Lack of sleep can exacerbate stress and anxiety.
- His inflammatory comments only served to exacerbate the tense situation.
- The new policy might exacerbate existing inequalities within the community.
Having or involving very modern or advanced designs or technology.
Examples:
- The architect designed a building with a distinctly futuristic appearance.
- Many science fiction movies feature futuristic cities with flying cars.
- The company showcased a prototype of a futuristic device at the tech conference.